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Power safety tips and special precautions
**Electricity Safety Tips and FAQs**
1. Ensure that the household power cord is protected from overloading, and replace any worn or aged cords promptly to prevent accidents. If the power line comes into direct contact with trees or buildings, trim the trees or install an insulating sleeve on the wire to avoid damage.
2. Properly arrange the household circuit breaker and fuse to ensure it functions as a protective device for your appliances. Use fuses that match the wire’s load capacity. Never replace a fuse with copper or iron wire. Always use the correct size of fuse, and never bypass the fuse system.
3. When using temporary power supplies, always use qualified cables, plugs, and sockets to ensure safety. If a cable is damaged, wrap the connector with electrical tape. Ensure all connections are secure and have good contact.
4. Keep a safe distance between temporary power lines and high-voltage transmission lines. The required distances are: 0.7m for 10kV and below, 1m for 35kV, 1.5m for 110kV, 3m for 220kV, and 5m for 500kV.
5. Avoid drilling wells under overhead lines or flying kites near power lines. Do not place antennas or fish near power facilities. Be cautious and respect the electricity infrastructure.
6. Never connect wires to public lines without permission. If a wire breaks, treat it as live regardless of whether it's energized. Maintain a safe distance and report the issue to the relevant authorities immediately.
7. Do not hit or tamper with the guy wires of poles. Keep clothes hangers away from power lines and never hang clothes on them.
8. During home renovations, install power cables in flame-retardant conduits and ensure the cross-section meets the load requirements. Avoid overloading circuits. Use dedicated lines for large appliances like air conditioners and ovens.
9. Correct wiring is essential for household appliances. If unsure, consult a professional. All appliances should have proper grounding and use three-pin sockets. Never convert a three-hole plug into a two-hole one.
10. If the switch housing or wire insulation is damaged, or if live parts are exposed, contact an electrician immediately. Do not use the equipment until it's repaired.
11. Install a qualified residual current device (RCD) with overvoltage protection to ensure personal safety when using electrical appliances.
12. If an appliance emits smoke or a burning smell, turn off the power and inspect it. In case of fire, cut off the power before attempting to extinguish the flames.
13. Never touch electrical appliances with wet hands, and do not wipe them with a damp cloth. Electric showers must be turned off during use, and precautions should be taken to prevent unexpected power surges.
14. Keep electric heating devices away from gas cylinders. If a gas leak is detected, ventilate the area and do not attempt to turn on the power—contact a professional for repairs.
15. Electric irons and other heating devices should be kept away from flammable materials. Turn them off and unplug them after use. Never use them to dry clothes.
16. Avoid touching live parts of electrical devices, especially the high-voltage components of TVs and monitors, to prevent electric shocks.
17. Always turn off the power before replacing fuses, appliances, or mobile equipment. Never work on live circuits. If an appliance is damaged, have it repaired by trained professionals.
18. Do not mix telephone lines with power cables. Use separate wires and maintain a safe distance when laying them.
19. Doorbells and electric fans should not use 220V voltage. Instead, use a safe voltage below 36V.
20. During thunderstorms, avoid walking near trees or poles. Stay indoors and unplug devices to prevent lightning-related damage.
21. If someone is electrocuted, do not touch them directly. Use a wooden stick or another insulating object to move the power source away. Move the person to a dry, ventilated area, loosen their clothing, and provide first aid. Call emergency services immediately.
22. Promote responsible and legal electricity usage. Report any illegal activities such as electricity theft.
**Frequently Asked Questions**
**Why should the lighting switch be connected to the live wire?**
If the switch is connected to the neutral wire, the light may appear off, but the live wire remains energized. This can create a false sense of security, leading to electric shocks if touched. Therefore, switches should be installed on the live wire to ensure complete power disconnection.
**How should a single-phase three-hole socket be correctly installed?**
Three-hole sockets are used for better safety, especially for portable appliances. The third pin connects to a dedicated ground wire. Using only the neutral wire for grounding is dangerous, as it may fail if the neutral line is disconnected. Always connect the ground pin to a proper grounding system.
**Why shouldn't plastic-insulated wires be embedded directly into walls?**
Over time, the plastic insulation may age and crack, reducing its effectiveness. Wet walls can cause leakage, endangering people. Direct burial also makes maintenance difficult.
**What is the purpose of a leakage protector?**
A leakage protector (RCD) helps prevent electric shocks, detects faults, and cuts off power quickly. It ensures safety by protecting against electrical fires and personal injuries caused by faulty wiring or equipment.
**What are the main causes of electric shock accidents?**
Common causes include lack of knowledge, improper handling of electrical devices, unqualified equipment, poor maintenance, and accidental contact with live wires.
**What first-aid measures should be taken in case of electric shock?**
Ensure the rescuer's safety first. Remove the victim from the power source, check breathing, clear the airway, and perform CPR if necessary. Time is critical—every second counts in saving a life.