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From Singleness to Abundance: Looking at the History of Chinese Family Changes from China's Household Appliances Category
Since the reform and opening up in 1978, China's home appliance market has undergone a remarkable transformation over the past 35 years. During this time, the evolution of household appliances closely mirrors the changing values and lifestyles of Chinese families. What was once a simple necessity has now become a symbol of comfort, convenience, and modern living. The history of China's home appliances is essentially a reflection of how family concepts have evolved over time.
Before the reform and opening up, China's economy was largely based on small-scale peasant production, and the traditional concept of a single household was not as strong. At that time, resources were scarce, and most people only needed basic necessities such as a shelter, a place to sleep, and a few essential items. The "three to one ring" – bicycles, watches, sewing machines, and radios – were considered the standard for an average household.
After the reform and opening up, China gradually shifted toward a more open and market-oriented economy. This change brought new opportunities and aspirations for families. People began to focus more on improving their quality of life, leading to the rise of the "four major appliances": color TVs, refrigerators, washing machines, and air conditioners. These became the symbols of a modern home and marked a significant shift in family lifestyle.
As the economy continued to grow, homes became more personalized spaces. Kitchens and bathrooms, which were once shared among multiple families, became private areas within each household. This led to the emergence of kitchen appliances and sanitary equipment in the home appliance market. Gas stoves replaced coal stoves, and the four major appliances themselves underwent continuous upgrades—color TVs evolved into thinner, higher-resolution models, washing machines became more efficient, refrigerators added advanced preservation features, and air conditioners became more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.
With the development of modern society, more people started to live in rented spaces, making smaller, easy-to-install appliances like mini washing machines, desktop dishwashers, and robot vacuums increasingly popular. At the same time, rising per capita income led to higher expectations for home life. This resulted in further innovations: 4K and 8K TVs, AI-enabled smart appliances, multi-door refrigerators with advanced sterilization functions, and a wider range of kitchen appliances such as ovens and induction cookers.
In the past, when the home appliance market was less competitive, brands like Haier, Hisense, and Midea dominated the scene. People had limited choices and prioritized durability and reliability. However, as foreign brands like Sony, Samsung, and Philips entered the Chinese market, consumer preferences began to shift. Many people started to favor foreign products, believing them to be more advanced and reliable.
Today, with the advancement of China’s manufacturing industry and the implementation of the "Made in China 2025" initiative, domestic brands have improved significantly in quality and innovation. Consumers now pay more attention to energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and performance, rather than just brand names. Domestic brands are regaining popularity, and the market is now a balanced competition between Chinese and international brands.
Looking ahead, for China’s home appliance industry to compete globally, it must stay attuned to future trends in family life. Understanding the evolving needs of consumers will be key to driving innovation and capturing a larger share of the global market. The journey of China's home appliances is far from over—it's an ongoing story of progress, adaptation, and growth.