PLC's CPU works - Database & Sql Blog Articles

The CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is the core component of a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) system. It controls and executes the user program based on its current operating mode. The front panel of the CPU includes two LEDs that indicate the working status: a green LED indicates that the CPU is in RUN mode, meaning it is actively executing the program, while a red LED indicates that the CPU is in STOP mode, where no program execution occurs. If the SF (System Fault) indicator is lit, it means the system has detected an error, and the PLC will stop functioning until the issue is resolved.

1. How the CPU Works

(1) STOP Mode: When the CPU is in STOP mode, it does not execute any program. This mode is used for programming, downloading, or modifying the program. During these operations, the CPU must be set to STOP to ensure proper configuration. This allows users to edit the logic, upload new programs, or adjust settings without interference from ongoing execution.

(2) RUN Mode: In RUN mode, the CPU runs the user program according to its internal scan cycle. This involves reading input signals, executing the logic, and updating output signals. This mode is typically used during normal operation when the PLC is controlling the connected devices.

2. Ways to Change the Working Mode

(1) Using the Mode Switch: Most CPUs have a physical switch that allows users to change the operating mode. The switch usually has three positions: STOP, TERM (Terminal), and RUN. By setting the switch to STOP, the program execution halts. Setting it to RUN resumes program execution. The TERM position allows communication with programming software like STEP7-Micro/WIN32, enabling real-time monitoring and control. Upon power-up, if the switch is in STOP or TERM, the CPU automatically enters STOP mode. If set to RUN, it starts in RUN mode.

(2) Using Programming Software: With the mode switch set to TERM, users can change the CPU’s operating mode through the STEP7-Micro/WIN32 software. This method is useful for remote control or when more advanced configurations are required.

(3) Using Instructions in the Program: A STOP instruction inserted into the program can force the CPU to transition from RUN to STOP mode. This is often used for emergency stops or controlled shutdowns during program execution.

Model CPU221 CPU222 CPU224 CPU226 CPU226MX
User Data Storage Type EEPROM EEPROM EEPROM EEPROM EEPROM
Program Space (Permanently Saved) 2048 words 2048 words 4096 words 4096 words 8192 words
User Data Storage 1024 words 1024 words 2560 words 2560 words 5120 words
Data Backup (Super Capacitor) - Typical Value / H 50 50 190 190 190
Host I/O Points 6/4 8/6 14/10 24/16 24/16
Scalable Module No 2 7 7 7
24V Sensor Power Supply Max Current / Current Limit (mA) 180/600 180/600 280/600 400/1500 400/1500
Maximum Analog Input/Output No 16/16 28/7 or 14 32/32 32/32
240V AC Power Supply CPU Input Current / Max Load Current (mA) 25/180 25/180 35/220 40/160 40/160
24V DC Power Supply CPU Input Current / Max Load (mA) 70/600 70/600 120/900 150/1050 150/1050
DC5V Output for Expansion Module - Max 340mA Max 660mA Max 1000mA Max 1000mA
Built-in High Speed Counter 4 (30KHz) 4 (30KHz) 6 (30KHz) 6 (30KHz) 6 (30KHz)
High Speed Pulse Output 2 (20KHz) 2 (20KHz) 2 (20KHz) 2 (20KHz) 2 (20KHz)
Analog Adjustment Potentiometer 1 1 2 2 2
Real Time Clock Yes (Clock Card) Yes (Clock Card) Have (Built In) Have (Built In) Have (Built In)
RS-485 Communication Port 1 1 1 1 1
Number of Points per Group 4,2 4,4 8,6 13,11 13,11
Output Points per Group 4 (DC Power) 1,3 (AC Power) 6 (DC Power) 3,3 (AC Power) 5,5 (DC Power)
4,3,3 (AC Power) 8,8 (DC Power) 4,5,7 (AC Power) 8,8 (DC Power) 4,5,7 (AC Power)

P03 Series Push Wire Connectors

Smaller size, space saving

Fast connection

111

Push-in Cable Connector,Dual Poles Quick Wire Connectors,fast connection cable connectors,cable managing connectors

Jiangmen Krealux Electrical Appliances Co.,Ltd. , https://www.krealux-online.com