Summary Optimization plays a crucial role in the development of C6000 DSPs. It can be categorized into system, algorithm, code, and memory optimization based on different objectives. While developers are usually familiar with their own systems and code, they often focus on improving performance through modifications in the first three areas. However, optimizing memory—especially cache—can be more challenging. This is because cache management is handled automatically by the DSP, making it difficult for users to directly influence. To address this, TI’s 7.0 series compilers introduced Cache Layout Tools, which allow developers to optimize L1P cache performance efficiently. This article explains how to use these tools effectively. With the growing popularity of TI DSPs, including models like C64x, C64x+, and C66x, developers face increasing demands to fully utilize the computing power of these devices. Optimization is essential during the development process, covering system, algorithm, code, and memory aspects. Although developers can easily modify their systems and code, memory optimization, particularly cache optimization, remains a complex task. Since cache maintenance is managed automatically by the DSP, users have limited control. To solve this, TI introduced Cache Layout Tools in its 7.0 series compilers, enabling developers to enhance L1P cache performance without deep architectural knowledge. This article provides a detailed guide on using these tools. The memory architecture of the C6000 system consists of multiple levels, including L1 (data and program caches), L2, and external DDR memory. The L1P cache, used for storing instructions, is critical for performance. When the CPU accesses data, it first checks the L1P cache. If the data is not found there, it proceeds to check the next level of memory. However, due to the limited size of the L1P cache (e.g., 32KB), efficient memory arrangement is essential to avoid cache conflicts and reduce unnecessary replacements. To simplify the process of optimizing L1P cache performance, TI introduced Cache Layout Tools. These tools analyze function call relationships and memory distribution automatically. During compilation, the compiler generates profiling information that tracks function calls and their usage patterns. By running the executable on a simulator or actual hardware, developers can collect runtime data, which the tool then uses to determine the optimal function ordering for memory layout. This tutorial demonstrates how to use the Cache Layout Tools with a simple example consisting of three C files. The example uses a counter (TSCL) to measure execution cycles and places subfunctions in a separate directory. The steps include compiling the code with profiling enabled, generating the necessary analysis data, and using the tool to optimize the memory layout. Photovoltaic charge controller,Solar Charging Controller,MPPT Solar Charger Ningbo Taiye Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.tysolarpower.com
1. Introduction
2. C6000 DSP Cache Mechanism
Improper function placement in memory can lead to repeated cache evictions, significantly impacting performance. For example, if functions A, B, and C are placed at the same offset in the L1P cache, they will overwrite each other, causing performance degradation. To prevent this, functions should be arranged in a way that minimizes cache conflicts. By ensuring that frequently called functions are placed in contiguous memory regions, developers can reduce cache misses and improve execution efficiency.
3. Memory Optimization Tools
Once the analysis is complete, the tool generates an optimized function order that can be fed back into the compiler. This results in a recompiled version of the program that takes full advantage of the cache, reducing cache misses and improving overall performance. The process is especially useful for large applications where manual optimization would be time-consuming and error-prone.
4. Example Tutorial
To compile the example using the TI compiler, the `--gen_profile_info` option must be added. This enables the generation of profiling data, which is then analyzed to determine the best function arrangement. The resulting optimized code can be recompiled and tested to verify the performance improvements. For users working with CCS, the same profiling options can be configured through the build settings.
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TI: Optimize C6000 code with CLT tools
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Functions