Shenzhou 11 spacecraft return cabin successfully landed, which 5 key technologies help Shenzhou go home

According to the safe landing of Xinhua News Agency with the return of the Shenzhou 11 spacecraft on the 18th, it marked the successful completion of the manned missions of Tiangong 2 and Shenzhou 11. The Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center successfully broke through five key technologies in this mission, providing a strong guarantee for mission success.

First, high-precision medium and long-term orbit determination technology. The Tiangong No. 2 rendezvous and docking track is 393 km. It is necessary to carry out orbit maintenance 21 days before the launch of the spacecraft, taking into account the phase adjustment, rounding and orbital height control, and put forward new requirements for the accuracy of long-term orbit prediction. The center uses the Tiangong-1 “393 10km orbit determination and forecast” to expand the orbital measurement data obtained by the experiment, and effectively improves the accuracy of the orbit prediction by refining the Tiangong No. 2, the atmospheric density estimation and the spatial environment parameter application strategy optimization. .

The second is the design and verification technology of the 393 track telecontrol strategy. The Shenzhou 11 spacecraft needs to have the ability to rendezvous and dock on a larger scale. Due to the different initial phases and different orbital heights, the center redesigned the ground guidance control strategy, verified the track and control accuracy, optimized the implementation process, and re-established the corresponding emergency control strategy.

The third is the high-precision short arc segment rapid measurement rail technology. The time interval between the fifth control of the long-distance guidance of Shenzhou 11 and the first pulse control of the autonomous guiding section is only 2 laps, and the orbital time is only 1 lap, which puts higher requirements for the accuracy of short-arc alignment. To this end, the center has been carrying out the orbital accuracy analysis and target simulation since the end of 2014. Through the optimization of algorithms, construction models, compression processes and other links, the company has developed a high-precision short-arc rapid measurement rail technology to ensure the task. The smooth implementation of the medium and long distance guidance control.

The fourth is the fast track control technology before returning. In order to verify the spacecraft's rapid orbit control capability and optimize the return and re-entry quality of the spacecraft, the orbit before the spacecraft returns to maintain the control mode of two orbits within one circle.

The fifth is the companion star observation and resident orbit control technology. In the operational phase of the assembly, the center controls the companion star to achieve the test of the overflying observation assembly. At the same time, it also needs to implement complex type control such as capture point capture, hold, and transfer. The accuracy of the dwell and fly-by track is high. The center comprehensively analyzes the influencing factors such as control error, atmospheric density and orbital attenuation, and designs algorithms such as satellite fly-by observation, dwell point capture, and dwell point movement reconstruction to achieve high-precision orbit control.

Shenzhou 11 spacecraft return cabin successfully landed, which 5 key technologies help Shenzhou go home

Schematic diagram of the successful landing of the Shenzhou 11 spacecraft return capsule

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